Chnroutes 项目

教程的目的是要达到通过执行路由脚本,可以让用户在使用vpn作为默认网络网关的时候, 不使用vpn进行对中国国内ip的访问, 从而减轻vpn的负担, 和增加访问国内网站的速度。

需要利用一个开源项目 https://github.com/fivesheep/chnroutes 这个项目提供了可以直接使用的路由表和简易教程。

Mac用户的安装

  • 下载 chnroutes.py
  • 从终端进入下载目录, 执 python chnroutes.py -p mac , 执行完毕之后同一目录下将生成两个文件 ip-upip-down
  • 把这两个文件copy到 /etc/ppp 目录, 并使用 sudo chmod a+x ip-up ip-down 命令把它们设置为可执行
  • 设置完毕, 重新连接vpn

Windows用户的安装

  • 下载 chnroutes.py
  • 从终端进入下载目录, 执行 python chnroutes.py -p win, 执行之后会生成 vpnup.batvpndown.bat 两个文件.

由于Windows上的pptp不支持拨号脚本, 所以也只能在进行拨号之前手动执行 vpnup.bat 文件以设置路由表. 而在断开vpn之后, 如果你觉得有必要, 可以运行 vpndown.bat 把这些路由信息给清理掉。

测试

连接VPN后打开http://www.ip138.com/https://www.whatismyip.com/

前者会显示你的国内上网ip,后者会显示你国外VPN的ip

缺点

  • 路由表每隔两三个月需要更新一次

另外,对于Windows的用户而言:

  • 重启后添加的所有规则会失效
    可以替换bat中「route add」为「route -p add」设置永久路由。
    使用一个叫SetRoute的软件,可以备份系统当前路由表方便下次使用。

  • 批处理运行速度过慢。
    因为需要一次性添加几千行,会比较慢,办法可以参考上面的两个办法,慢就慢一次。

chnroutes.py

文件源码如下:

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#!/usr/bin/env python

import re
import urllib2
import sys
import argparse
import math
import textwrap


def generate_ovpn(metric):
results = fetch_ip_data()
rfile=open('routes.txt','w')
for ip,mask,_ in results:
route_item="route %s %s net_gateway %d\n"%(ip,mask,metric)
rfile.write(route_item)
rfile.close()
print "Usage: Append the content of the newly created routes.txt to your openvpn config file," \
" and also add 'max-routes %d', which takes a line, to the head of the file." % (len(results)+20)


def generate_linux(metric):
results = fetch_ip_data()
upscript_header=textwrap.dedent("""\
#!/bin/bash
export PATH="/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin"

OLDGW=`ip route show | grep '^default' | sed -e 's/default via \\([^ ]*\\).*/\\1/'`

if [ $OLDGW == '' ]; then
exit 0
fi

if [ ! -e /tmp/vpn_oldgw ]; then
echo $OLDGW > /tmp/vpn_oldgw
fi

""")

downscript_header=textwrap.dedent("""\
#!/bin/bash
export PATH="/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin"

OLDGW=`cat /tmp/vpn_oldgw`

""")

upfile=open('ip-pre-up','w')
downfile=open('ip-down','w')

upfile.write(upscript_header)
upfile.write('\n')
downfile.write(downscript_header)
downfile.write('\n')

for ip,mask,_ in results:
upfile.write('route add -net %s netmask %s gw $OLDGW\n'%(ip,mask))
downfile.write('route del -net %s netmask %s\n'%(ip,mask))

downfile.write('rm /tmp/vpn_oldgw\n')


print "For pptp only, please copy the file ip-pre-up to the folder/etc/ppp," \
"and copy the file ip-down to the folder /etc/ppp/ip-down.d."

def generate_mac(metric):
results=fetch_ip_data()

upscript_header=textwrap.dedent("""\
#!/bin/sh
export PATH="/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin"

OLDGW=`netstat -nr | grep '^default' | grep -v 'ppp' | sed 's/default *\\([0-9\.]*\\) .*/\\1/' | awk '{if($1){print $1}}'`
if [ ! -e /tmp/pptp_oldgw ]; then
echo "${OLDGW}" > /tmp/pptp_oldgw
fi

dscacheutil -flushcache
route add 10.0.0.0/8 "${OLDGW}"
route add 172.16.0.0/12 "${OLDGW}"
route add 192.168.0.0/16 "${OLDGW}"
""")

downscript_header=textwrap.dedent("""\
#!/bin/sh
export PATH="/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin"

if [ ! -e /tmp/pptp_oldgw ]; then
exit 0
fi

ODLGW=`cat /tmp/pptp_oldgw`
route delete 10.0.0.0/8 "${OLDGW}"
route delete 172.16.0.0/12 "${OLDGW}"
route delete 192.168.0.0/16 "${OLDGW}"
""")

upfile=open('ip-up','w')
downfile=open('ip-down','w')

upfile.write(upscript_header)
upfile.write('\n')
downfile.write(downscript_header)
downfile.write('\n')

for ip,_,mask in results:
upfile.write('route add %s/%s "${OLDGW}"\n'%(ip,mask))
downfile.write('route delete %s/%s ${OLDGW}\n'%(ip,mask))

downfile.write('\n\nrm /tmp/pptp_oldgw\n')
upfile.close()
downfile.close()

print "For pptp on mac only, please copy ip-up and ip-down to the /etc/ppp folder," \
"don't forget to make them executable with the chmod command."

def generate_win(metric):
results = fetch_ip_data()

upscript_header=textwrap.dedent("""@echo off
for /F "tokens=3" %%* in ('route print ^| findstr "\\<0.0.0.0\\>"') do set "gw=%%*"

""")

upfile=open('vpnup.bat','w')
downfile=open('vpndown.bat','w')

upfile.write(upscript_header)
upfile.write('\n')
upfile.write('ipconfig /flushdns\n\n')

downfile.write("@echo off")
downfile.write('\n')

for ip,mask,_ in results:
upfile.write('route add %s mask %s %s metric %d\n'%(ip,mask,"%gw%",metric))
downfile.write('route delete %s\n'%(ip))

upfile.close()
downfile.close()

# up_vbs_wrapper=open('vpnup.vbs','w')
# up_vbs_wrapper.write('Set objShell = CreateObject("Wscript.shell")\ncall objShell.Run("vpnup.bat",0,FALSE)')
# up_vbs_wrapper.close()
# down_vbs_wrapper=open('vpndown.vbs','w')
# down_vbs_wrapper.write('Set objShell = CreateObject("Wscript.shell")\ncall objShell.Run("vpndown.bat",0,FALSE)')
# down_vbs_wrapper.close()

print "For pptp on windows only, run vpnup.bat before dialing to vpn," \
"and run vpndown.bat after disconnected from the vpn."

def generate_android(metric):
results = fetch_ip_data()

upscript_header=textwrap.dedent("""\
#!/bin/sh
alias nestat='/system/xbin/busybox netstat'
alias grep='/system/xbin/busybox grep'
alias awk='/system/xbin/busybox awk'
alias route='/system/xbin/busybox route'

OLDGW=`netstat -rn | grep ^0\.0\.0\.0 | awk '{print $2}'`

""")

downscript_header=textwrap.dedent("""\
#!/bin/sh
alias route='/system/xbin/busybox route'

""")

upfile=open('vpnup.sh','w')
downfile=open('vpndown.sh','w')

upfile.write(upscript_header)
upfile.write('\n')
downfile.write(downscript_header)
downfile.write('\n')

for ip,mask,_ in results:
upfile.write('route add -net %s netmask %s gw $OLDGW\n'%(ip,mask))
downfile.write('route del -net %s netmask %s\n'%(ip,mask))

upfile.close()
downfile.close()

print "Old school way to call up/down script from openvpn client. " \
"use the regular openvpn 2.1 method to add routes if it's possible"


def fetch_ip_data():
#fetch data from apnic
print "Fetching data from apnic.net, it might take a few minutes, please wait..."
url=r'http://ftp.apnic.net/apnic/stats/apnic/delegated-apnic-latest'
data=urllib2.urlopen(url).read()

cnregex=re.compile(r'apnic\|cn\|ipv4\|[0-9\.]+\|[0-9]+\|[0-9]+\|a.*',re.IGNORECASE)
cndata=cnregex.findall(data)

results=[]

for item in cndata:
unit_items=item.split('|')
starting_ip=unit_items[3]
num_ip=int(unit_items[4])

imask=0xffffffff^(num_ip-1)
#convert to string
imask=hex(imask)[2:]
mask=[0]*4
mask[0]=imask[0:2]
mask[1]=imask[2:4]
mask[2]=imask[4:6]
mask[3]=imask[6:8]

#convert str to int
mask=[ int(i,16 ) for i in mask]
mask="%d.%d.%d.%d"%tuple(mask)

#mask in *nix format
mask2=32-int(math.log(num_ip,2))

results.append((starting_ip,mask,mask2))

return results


if __name__=='__main__':
parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Generate routing rules for vpn.")
parser.add_argument('-p','--platform',
dest='platform',
default='openvpn',
nargs='?',
help="Target platforms, it can be openvpn, mac, linux,"
"win, android. openvpn by default.")
parser.add_argument('-m','--metric',
dest='metric',
default=5,
nargs='?',
type=int,
help="Metric setting for the route rules")

args = parser.parse_args()

if args.platform.lower() == 'openvpn':
generate_ovpn(args.metric)
elif args.platform.lower() == 'linux':
generate_linux(args.metric)
elif args.platform.lower() == 'mac':
generate_mac(args.metric)
elif args.platform.lower() == 'win':
generate_win(args.metric)
elif args.platform.lower() == 'android':
generate_android(args.metric)
else:
print>>sys.stderr, "Platform %s is not supported."%args.platform
exit(1)